The work is based on the analysis of ceramic materials from the Tartas-1 and Stary Tartas-4 burial grounds (Vengerovsky district, Novosibirsk region). The data was obtained using statistical methods. 271 vessels from the burials of the Tartas-1 monument and 51 from the Old Tartas-4 monument were examined. Common features are shown (the objects under study do not differ in the set of types and categories of vessels, their collections contain "imitation products"). and features of the morphology of the products of both complexes (a large variability of vessels from the burials of the Tartas-1 burial ground is obvious).
Key words: morphology, program for statistical processing of vessel shapes, similarity-difference, proportionality of vessel shapes.
Introduction
The beginning of the second millennium BC in the Ob-Irtysh forest-steppe was marked by an influx from the south-west of the population, which differs anthropologically, genetically, economically and culturally from the aboriginal (Krotov and Odin) populations. The co-existence of these two different worlds at the turn of the third and second millennia BC led to the appearance of innovations in the Krotovo environment, which led to a complete change in the "fashion" for bronze weapons and jewelry (rejection of the Seimino-Turbino and perception of the Srubno-Andronovo forms). As it was established, the penetration of representatives of the Andronovo cultural and historical community to the east occurred impulsively and probably from different territories, and the main flows consisted of Andronovo residents (Fedorovites). Contacts between aborigines and migrants were gradually established, as well as subsequent mixing, which is confirmed by the syncretism of burial practices and inventory (see Molodin, 2011). As a result, in the second quarter of the second millennium BC, at least in Western Baraba and the Irtysh region, a mixed population was formed, which was dominated by newcomers. This population was native to the Late Krotovo (Cherno-Ozersk) culture (Molodin, 2014).
The assimilation of two powerful ethnic groups is reflected in ceramics (especially funerary ones) [Molodin, 2011]. The collections include samples that demonstrate this process very clearly. There are vessels where the changes in shape and ornamentation are not so striking, but they can also be used for special analysis of large ceramic series. This possibility is provided by the materials of two burial grounds - Tartas-1 and Stary Tartas-4, located in the center of the city.
The work was carried out within the framework of the RFBR project OFI-M N 13 - 06 - 12022.
page 44
Fig. 1. Location of Tartas-1 and Old Tartas-4 monuments.
near the Vengerovo settlement in the Vengerovo district of the Novosibirsk Region, several kilometers apart (Molodin and Novikov, 1998) (Fig.
The Tartas-1 monument is the largest necropolis in the Ob-Irtysh forest-steppe, containing burials of various cultures from the Early Bronze Age to the late Middle Ages [Molodin, Parzinger, Grishin, Pietsonka, Novikova et al., 2004; Molodin, Parzinger, Grishin, Pietsonka, Marchenko et al., 2005; Molodin, Parzinger, Mylnikova et al. Molodin, Mylnikova, Novikova et al., 2009; Molodin, Hansen, Mylnikova, Nagler, Novikova et al., 2010; Molodin, Hansen, Mylnikova, Nagler, Kobeleva et al., 2011]. Work on the monument, which began in 2004, continues today. The main part of the burials studied belongs to the Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) culture, and there are also burials of a mixed type: Andronovo-Krotovo, reflecting the interaction of the alien and local population. According to the latest data, they can be attributed to the Late Krotovo (Chernoozersk) culture (Molodin, 2014).
The Old Tartas-4 burial mound has been completely excavated. His materials, in particular the ceramic collection, were published (Molodin, Novikov, Zhemerikin, 2002). According to researchers, the ceramics from the burials of this monument represent the classic Andronovsky (Fedorovsky) style. type [Ibid., p. 48].
Methods of making dishes in a traditional society are passed down from generation to generation empirically [Bobrinsky, 1978; Semenov and Korobkova, 1983]. In the technology, ornamentation and shape of vessels of each population group, individual stable features or combinations of features are distinguished. Therefore, the morphological features of ceramics can serve as a source of information about the cultural and chronological affiliation of the population that left this or that archaeological site.
Since the separation of the Andronovo culture, a huge amount of information has been accumulated, including the results of studying ceramic complexes. The vessels of the Andronovo culture are distinguished by a bright original ornament, which often becomes the object of research [Zotova, 1965; Kukushkin, 2003; Rudkovsky, 2005, 2010; Kovtun, 2009; etc.]. The typology of the forms of vessels of the Andronovo culture can be considered developed. In the collections, jar-shaped and pot-shaped items are distinguished, their proportions and characteristics are determined [Teploukhov, 1929, p. 42-43; Kiselev, 1951, p. 81-83; Martynov, 1964, p. 258; Matyushchenko, 1973, p. 25-28; Maksimenkov, 1978, p. 63; Molodin, 1985, p. 90-102; Shamshin, 1997, p. 326; Kiryushini et al., 2002, p. 336; 2010, p. 206]. The purpose of this work is to analyze and compare the ceramic collections of the monuments Old Tartas-4 and Tartas-1, to identify common features and features in the morphology of vessels. Currently, there is no single methodology for studying ceramic forms. In research practice, A. Shepard's method of studying the ratio of basic proportions is most often used [Schepard, 1965; Rusanova, 1973]. Some researchers (Papin and Shamshin, 2005; Trufanov, 1990) use the program of statistical processing of ceramics by V. F. Gening (1973, 1992). A method for distinguishing "familiar" forms and "imitative forms", developed by A. A. Bobrinsky (1986, 1988; Tsetlin, 2012), is also proposed. However, these methods are still poorly used by the scientific community.
Results of morphological study of the finds
To analyze the vessel shapes of the classical Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) culture of the Stary Tartas-4 monument and the "barbarized" Tartas-1 burial ground, all these methods were used, supplemented by the method of drawing profiles (Nordstrom, 1972).
Measurements were made of 271 vessels from the burials of the Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) culture and the "barbarized" mixed group of burials of the Tartas-1 monument (Figs. 2-5; Table 1). Each vessel was assigned an individual number. The vessel number is listed in the table in accordance with the value of the index and category [Gening, 1973, p. 115-121] (Tables 2 - 9). The collection includes 163 neck pieces(60,4 %), 107 (39,6 %) - without neck, 16 vessels from-
page 45
Fig. 2. Vessels with a neck in the low category (here and further according to the FA index). Tartas-1. Here and further numbers - individual vessel number.
3. Vessels without necks of the low category. Tartas-1.
indoor type (the corolla diameter is larger than the maximum body diameter or coincides with it) (6 %).
According to the height index (FA), 70 % of the vessels of the Tartas-1 monument are average (Fig. 4, 5; see Table. 2), the remaining 30 % is low (see Fig. 2, 3).
According to the height-neck index FB (vessels with a neck), 2.5 % of products are very low-necked, 74.8 % - low-necked, and 22.7 % - with a neck of medium height (see Table 3). According to the width-neck index, products are classified as wide-necked (80.4 %; see Fig. 2) and very broad-throated (19.6 %; see Fig. 3; Table 4). According to neck profiling (FG), the collection includes products: with a low profile (44 %; see Fig. 4; table 5), medium-profiled (37 %; see Fig. 5), highly profiled (5 %; see Fig. 4) and with very highly profiled (2 %; see Fig. 4; table 6) the neck.
According to the index FD, which reflects the height and shape of the body, the vessels of the Tartas-1 monument are distributed as follows: 89 % are flattened (see Fig. 6), 18%-rounded (see Fig. 5), and one vessel - a strongly flattened body.
page 46
Fig. 4. Vessels with a neck of the medium category. Tartas-1.
page 47
Fig. 5. Vessels with a neck of the medium category. Tartas-1.
Table 1. Parameters of vessels of the monument Tartas-1, cm
N of the vessel
Code
Dv
Dg
Dt
Dd
N
Ng
Npls
Npr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
T1-07/V222
12,5
-
11,0
7,5
10,0
-
2,4
7,6
2
T1-07/B211
14,0
-
14,9
8,7
14,7
-
4,0
10,7
3
T1-05/V112
13,2
11,1
14,0
8,5
13,4
1,5
5,0
7,9
4
T1-04/B48-2
16,5
14,9
16,6
8,4
14,1
2,1
4,3
7,7
5
T1-05/V121-3
10,0
-
10,6
7,0
8,3
-
3,0
5,3
6
T1-04/V50
13,5
12,9
14,1
7,8
12,7
1,0
3,1
8,6
7
T1-04/B43
9,0
-
9,5
4,5
8,8
-
3,0
5,8
8
T1-03/V69
11,9
10,0
11,0
6,7
11,1
1,7
2,8
6,6
9
T1-08/V297
15,6
13,2
16,0
8,1
14,0
1,8
4,0
9,2
10
T1-07/V195
9,8
7,2
9,0
5,4
8,5
1,4
2,1
5,0
11
T1-04/B81
10,5
9,8
10,0
6,0
8,7
1,2
2,1
5,4
12
T1-04/V58
11,1
8,7
12,3
6,0
10,6
1,0
2,8
6,8
13
T1-05/V134
10,0
-
10,7
6,5
8,1
-
2,0
6,1
14
T1-04/B48-1
15,5
14,4
15,3
8,0
12,5
2,5
3,5
6,5
15
T1-05/V135
12,8
-
13,0
8,0
11,5
-
5,0
6,5
page 48
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
16
T1-05/V122-1
16,8
16,5
15,7
9,5
13,5
1,7
3,9
7,9
17
T1-04/B61
14,5
13,6
14,3
7,5
13,5
2,3
3,2
8,0
18
T1-11/V436
13,0
11,2
13,0
7,5
11,8
1,5
4,0
6,3
19
T1-11/V463
8,6
-
9,5
4,8
5,5
-
2,0
3,5
20
T1-11/V448-5
9,0
8,9
9,2
5,5
8,5
1,1
3,5
3,9
21
T1-11/V454
10,7
-
11,2
6,5
8,7
-
2,4
6,3
22
T1-11/B471
10,5
10,3
12,0
7,4
11,9
1,7
2,7
7,5
23
T1-11/B477
8,2
-
8,5
5,0
7,0
-
3,0
4,0
24
T1-11/V448-4
11,5
-
12,8
7,0
9,0
-
2,0
7,0
25
T1-09/V342
15,8
14,2
16,0
7,3
15,5
2,4
4,1
9,0
26
T1-10/V388
15,5
14,4
16,5
9,0
14,8
1,5
4,1
9,2
27
T1-09/VZZZ
16,0
14,7
16,0
8,0
14,5
2,0
4,3
8,2
28
T1-07/B216
12,5
11,4
12,5
6,3
12,7
2,0
3,3
7,4
29
T1-07/V173
14,6
-
15,2
8,0
11,5
-
1,8
9,7
30
T1-10/B413
17,7
13,7
18,0
8,6
14,7
1,8
4,4
8,5
31
T1-11/V446-2
17,5
16,0
17,4
10,1
15,7
2,4
3,4
9,9
32
T1-07/V208-1
16,8
15,9
16,2
8,2
15,7
2,1
3,5
10,1
33
T1-11/V448-2
8,7
-
9,1
5,3
7,3
-
1,8
5,5
34
T1-11/V470
16,0
15,0
17,3
8,7
14,0
2,2
3,2
8,6
35
T1-11/V455
19,5
-
20,0
10,3
17,3
-
5,6
11,7
36
T1-11/V438
12,0
-
12,5
7,5
9,6
-
1,9
7,7
37
T1-11/V456
16,2
15,0
17,7
9,5
14,0
2,5
2,6
8,9
38
T1-07/B217
13,7
-
14,7
8,8
15,0
-
6,1
8,9
39
T1-10/V413-3
14,0
13,7
14,5
8,5
13,8
2,1
2,6
9,1
40
T1-10/B416
15,5
14,3
16,7
9,5
14,8
1,7
3,0
10,1
41
T1-09/V302-2
16,9
-
18,6
11,0
15,0
-
2,2
12,8
42
T1-10/V413-2
16,1
-
17,1
10,5
16,8
-
5,0
11,8
43
T1-07/B240
14,5
12,7
14,6
8,0
15,7
1,5
5,2
9,0
44
T1-07/B233
12,8
11,5
13,5
8,8
11,5
0,7
2,0
8,8
45
T1-07/B231
12,0
11,3
12,5
7,0
10,6
1,1
3,8
5,7
46
T1-07/V208-2
14,5
12,5
14,5
8,5
11,8
2,0
2,3
7,5
47
T1-07/B210-1
15,2
14,1
16,0
8,5
12,8
2,6
2,8
7,2
48
T1-07/V243-2
4,4
4,3
4,6
2,5
3,3
0,2
1,1
2,0
49
T1-07/V242
17,5
14,8
17,3
9,4
15,6
2,8
3,7
9,1
50
T1-07/V209
11,2
10,5
11,0
6,5
10,0
1,2
3,6
5,2
51
T1-07/V223
17,5
-
18,3
9,5
16,2
-
3,0
12,2
52
T1-07/V204
12,6
12,0
13,0
6,3
9,8
1,2
2,2
6,4
53
T1-11/V462-3
8,3
-
8,7
4,9
6,9
-
2,8
4,1
54
T1-11/V462-2
10,6
-
10,7
5,8
8,2
-
1,8
6,4
55
T1-11/V440
9,3
-
9,7
5,7
7,4
-
2,1
5,3
56
T1-11/B476
6,3
6,1
6,3
2,3
4,8
0,5
1,9
2,5
57
T1-05/V106
15,4
14,8
16,0
11,0
11,3
1,8
4,4
5,1
page 49
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
58
T1-11/V464
13,0
-
13,5
7,8
10,3
-
3,8
6,5
59
T1-11/V453
10,5
9,8
10,3
5,3
8,9
1,1
2,1
5,7
60
T1-05/V132-2
13,4
12,6
13,6
6,9
11,3
1,3
3,5
6,5
61
T1-11/V466
14,7
-
15,6
7,5
12,7
-
3,4
9,3
62
T1-11/B462
18,3
17,1
19,3
8,7
17,0
2,6
4,4
10,0
63
T1-11/V448-1
10,0
-
10,0
6,5
8,0
-
2,8
5,2
64
T1-11/V483
9,5
9,2
9,3
5,2
7,6
1,0
2,2
4,4
65
T1-11/V456-2
10,6
10,0
11,3
6,5
10,2
1,3
3,9
5,0
66
T1-11/V450
13,5
12,5
13,0
7,8
11,0
1,5
3,3
6,2
67
T1-11/V446
12,6
-
12,9
8,1
11,1
-
2,1
9,0
68
T1-11/V466-1
14,8
-
15,8
9,0
11,2
-
4,2
7,0
69
T1-11/V459
15,0
-
16,2
8,6
13,7
-
2,2
11,5
70
T1-10/B417
10,2
9,1
10,3
5,5
8,8
1,8
2,0
5,0
71
T1-10/V402
8,2
8,0
8,4
5,3
7,8
1,0
2,2
4,6
72
T1-10/V415
12,6
11,9
13,0
7,7
12,1
2,1
3,2
6,8
73
T1-10/V416-2
14,8
13,0
14,5
7,6
13,2
2,3
3,0
7,9
74
T1-10/V401
11,7
11,2
12,2
7,5
8,6
1,2
2,2
5,2
75
T1-10/B373
11,9
11,4
11,8
7,2
13,9
1,9
2,5
9,5
76
T1-06/V168
16,0
15,6
16,9
9,5
11,3
1,0
4,1
6,2
77
T1-10/V406
10,0
-
11,2
7,8
10,4
-
3,6
6,8
78
T1-10/B412-1
14,4
13,9
14,6
9,1
12,6
2,6
2,2
7,8
79
T1-10/V368
20,2
18,5
21,5
12,0
19,2
2,8
3,6
12,8
80
T1-10/V366
17,3
-
18,0
10,6
15,3
-
3,0
12,3
81
T1-11/V480
16,1
14,8
16,9
7,5
13,8
2,2
4,3
7,3
82
T1-11/B479
15,6
-
17,7
10,3
15,3
-
2,9
12,4
83
T1-11/B472
20,5
17,7
21,5
10,0
19,4
2,2
5,6
11,6
84
T1-11/V438
10,1
-
10,6
5,3
8,8
-
2,5
6,3
85
T1-11/V452
13,8
12,8
14,1
7,5
11,7
1,5
3,5
6,7
86
T1-12/V514
8,9
-
9,3
5,7
8,5
-
3,2
5,3
87
T1-12/V507
8,8
7,8
10,0
5,0
8,3
1,1
2,2
6,1
88
T1-12/B494
12,3
11,1
13,4
6,3
11,2
0,7
3,6
6,9
89
T1-12/V503
7,6
7,2
9,0
4,5
8,5
1,1
2,5
5,0
90
T1-12/V512-2
8,7
-
9,1
5,2
7,3
-
2,0
5,3
91
T1-12/V501-1
10,5
10,2
11,8
6,3
10,0
1,4
3,0
5,6
92
T1-12/V511
12,7
12,2
13,7
6,8
10,2
1,3
2,6
6,3
93
T1-12/V510-2
9,9
9,5
10,5
5,4
9,8
0,7
1,8
7,3
94
T1-12/V501-2
15,6
13,5
16,0
8,9
11,2
2,2
2,8
6,2
95
T1-12/V510-1
15,8
14,9
17,0
9,3
15,5
2,3
4,1
9,1
96
T1-12/V508
19,8
18,8
21,4
9,7
17,0
1,4
4,8
10,8
97
T1-09/V304
25,6
21,6
25,2
11,1
23,0
4,0
6,0
13,0
98
T1-09/V350-2
14,5
13,7
17,5
10,0
14,5
0,8
5,3
8,4
99
T1-11/V451-3
8,1
-
8,8
4,7
5,1
-
1,8
3,3
page 50
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
100
T1-09/B312
22,1
21,0
23,7
11,2
21,6
2,3
6,6
12,7
101
T1-07/V207
10,3
-
11,0
5,1
7,3
-
1,7
5,6
102
T1-07/V176
8,4
7,8
9,7
5,1
10,5
0,7
3,8
6,0
103
T1-11/V457
13,7
12,9
15,0
7,3
11,5
2,0
2,5
5,0
104
T1-07/V185
13,9
12,3
15,5
7,4
11,8
1,6
2,9
7,3
105
T1-11/B449
10,2
-
12,0
7,8
8,0
-
3,0
5,0
106
T1-07/B210-2
15,0
-
16,5
8,5
11,3
-
1,5
9,8
107
T1-07/B218
13,8
12,7
14,0
9,4
14,0
2,1
3,4
8,5
108
T1-09/V305-1
22,5
19,0
23,4
10,7
21,5
2,8
5,2
13,5
109
T1-10/V413-4
17,8
16,5
19,6
8,4
14,9
2,2
3,6
9,1
110
T1-09/V357
19,4
-
20,6
10,0
19,1
-
6,6
12,5
111
T1-07/V227-3
13,9
13,4
15,1
8,2
13,6
2,7
2,8
8,1
112
T1-07/B230
14,2
-
14,9
9,5
12,6
-
2,0
10,6
113
T1-09/V302-1
20,9
19,0
22,4
10,1
18,3
2,8
4,3
11,2
114
T1-09/B310
15,7
14,4
16,2
8,2
14,2
2,3
3,4
8,5
115
T1-09/B336
12,5
12,0
13,0
6,0
13,5
2,5
3,2
7,8
116
T1-09/V355
13,1
12,2
15,0
8,9
12,6
2,1
2,4
8,1
117
T1-07/B234
15,5
14,8
14,7
8,3
15,1
1,8
4,0
9,3
118
T1-08/V269
12,8
12,0
12,5
6,4
11,9
1,4
4,4
6,1
119
T1-09/V360
15,4
-
16,9
9,0
15,2
-
3,8
11,4
120
T1-10/V397
13,6
12,8
13,8
8,3
13,3
2,7
4,2
6,4
121
T1-10/V413-1
13,0
12,7
14,2
8,2
16,0
1,3
5,3
8,4
122
T1-07/B235
17,3
16,4
18,6
8,9
16,7
2,7
3,5
10,5
123
T1-05/V117
9,9
-
9,9
5,9
9,6
-
-
9,6
124
T1-05/V121-6
10,1
-
10,6
6,8
8,5
-
2,0
6,5
125
T1-05/100
12,5
-
12,9
7,1
11,8
-
2,1
9,7
126
T1-05/V120
7,1
-
7,4
4,7
5,2
-
1,5
3,8
127
Т1 - 07/В171
13,6
-
14,8
9,6
13,2
-
4,6
8,6
128
T1-07/V174
14,3
13,2
14,9
8,0
12,0
1,7
2,5
7,8
129
T1-12/V518
11,5
10,8
12,4
5,8
9,5
1,5
3,0
5,0
130
T1-07/V186
10,5
9,9
10,2
6,2
8,6
1,6
2,6
4,4
131
T1-07/V196
17,4
16,0
18,1
10,5
15,0
2,0
3,5
9,5
132
T1-07/V202
11,5
10,4
11,5
5,8
8,9
1,7
2,4
4,8
133
T1-07/V224
12,6
12,2
13,0
7,8
11,6
1,1
3,0
7,5
134
T1-07/V227
12,0
11,4
13,5
6,2
10,9
1,5
2,6
6,8
135
T1-07/B238
11,0
-
11,0
6,8
9,0
-
-
9,0
136
T1-07/V182
14,4
12,2
13,6
8,5
12,6
2,0
3,5
7,1
137
T1-07/B215
16,5
15,1
17,2
8,3
14,3
1,7
3,9
8,7
138
T1-07/B219
10,1
-
10,6
6,5
10,3
-
2,2
8,1
139
T1-07/V221
14,5
14,2
15,6
7,8
11,2
0,7
0,8
9,7
140
T1-07/V187
13,5
13,3
13,8
7,4
11,4
0,7
2,1
8,6
141
T1-07/V241
14,5
-
14,9
8,2
13,1
-
2,7
10,4
page 51
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
142
T1-07/V194
21,3
20,9
20,2
11,3
21,8
1,7
4,5
15,6
143
T1-04/B34-1
16,3
15,8
17,6
8,3
14,4
1,8
3,4
9,2
144
T1-04/B59
11,1
-
13,1
6,5
8,4
-
2,0
6,4
145
T1-04/B46-2
21,1
19,8
22,0
11,0
22,6
3,2
4,8
14,6
146
T1-05/V121
6,2
-
6,5
3,8
5,2
-
0,3
4,9
147
T1-05/V132
17,9
17,4
18,9
10,5
19,1
2,0
3,0
14,1
148
T1-08/B275
9,8
-
10,1
6,5
9,2
-
2,3
6,9
149
T1-08/V281
13,6
13,2
14,3
7,4
13,8
1,7
4,5
7,6
150
T1-08/V282
17,1
15,2
16,9
7,8
16,8
2,2
4,4
10,2
151
T1-08/B285
16,1
-
17,0
8,1
15,0
-
5,5
9,5
152
T1-08/V288
11,8
10,9
11,4
6,4
10,3
2,1
2,2
6,0
153
T1-08/V293-3
12,3
-
13,0
8,6
12,7
-
3,4
9,3
154
T1-08/V300
10,0
9,3
10,1
5,8
9,5
1,1
2,6
5,8
155
T1-05/V114
12,9
-
14,6
9,3
10,5
-
3,5
7,0
156
T1-05/V109
13,9
13,5
12,6
5,5
12,0
2,0
3,0
7,0
157
T1-05/B133
17,6
17,3
18,3
8,2
12,6
1,5
3,5
7,6
158
T1-05/V144-1
17,2
16,7
17,9
6,7
16,5
1,5
5,0
10,0
159
T1-05/V144-2
9,3
-
9,7
6,2
7,4
-
3,0
4,4
160
T1-09/V350-1
10,7
-
11,2
7,2
8,5
-
1,3
7,2
161
T1-09/V351-2
9,3
-
9,5
5,5
7,4
-
2,1
5,3
162
T1-06/V166
12,4
12,2
13,2
8,2
10,9
1,1
3,3
6,5
163
T1-08/V294
15,7
14,8
16,5
9,5
13,6
1,9
5,6
6,5
164
T1-05/B91
11,3
10,9
11,2
6,0
10,1
1,7
1,9
6,5
165
T1-05/V105
14,0
12,9
13,4
7,3
13,0
2,5
2,8
7,7
166
T1-05/V107
10,3
-
10,3
5,1
9,8
-
-
9,8
167
T1-05/V108
7,8
-
7,8
4,5
6,8
-
-
6,8
168
T1-05/V137
15,9
15
15,5
8,5
14,7
1,5
2,7
10,5
169
T1-05/V100
23,3
20,5
22,3
10,8
22,5
3,7
4,1
14,7
170
T1-09/V301-1
7,9
7,6
8,1
4,8
6,9
0,9
1,9
5,1
171
T1-09/V301-2
8,4
8,1
9,1
5,1
8,1
1,1
3,6
4,5
172
T1-09/V349-1
7,7
-
8,2
4,8
7,0
-
1,9
5,1
173
T1-09/V309
11,7
10,9
11,5
6,9
10,0
1,9
1,5
6,6
174
T1-09/B313
10,4
-
10,4
5,7
8,6
-
-
8,6
175
T1-09/V343
12,3
12,0
12,2
7,1
10,4
1,4
2,3
6,7
176
T1-09/V358-1
12,0
-
13,0
8,1
10,8
-
2,4
8,4
177
T1-09/V358-3
12,0
10,6
11,6
6,1
10,0
2,1
2,1
5,8
178
T1-09/V354
9,2
-
9,2
6,0
5,9
-
-
5,9
179
T1-09/V335
10,9
10,0
11,8
8,1
10,2
1,5
3,0
5,7
180
Т1 - 09/В356
11,9
11,7
12,4
7,1
9,5
1,2
2,4
5,9
181
T1-09/V305-2
16,8
15,2
16,2
8,3
14,9
1,8
2,7
10,4
182
T1-09/V358-2
9,1
-
9,6
6,2
7,0
-
1,5
5,5
183
T1-09/V358-4
11,8
10,9
11,5
6,5
10,3
1,4
3,0
5,9
page 52
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
184
T1-09/V349-2
10,3
9,5
11,0
6,0
10,4
1,4
3,5
5,5
185
T1-09/V351-1
9,8
8,9
9,8
6,3
9,0
1,8
2,8
4,4
186
T1-09/V353
13,0
-
13,6
6,6
8,4
-
1,7
6,7
187
T1-09/V351-3
13,0
12,0
12,9
5,6
11,3
2,0
2,6
6,7
188
T1-09/V351-4
9,8
-
10,6
6,7
7,9
-
3,1
4,8
189
T1-09/V352
12,0
-
12,3
7,1
8,8
-
1,6
7,2
190
T1-09/V306-1
12,6
-
12,8
8,1
10,2
-
1,0
9,2
191
T1-09/V340
9,7
8,9
9,8
6,1
10,0
2,1
2,2
5,7
192
T1-09/V358-5
10,6
-
11,0
6,4
7,9
-
1,0
6,9
193
T1-09/V342-1
9,8
9,0
9,3
5,3
8,4
2,1
1,8
4,5
194
T1-07/V170
11,7
10,7
11,8
6,1
10,0
1,6
3,1
5,3
195
T1-04/B46-2
10,2
10,1
10,5
6,2
7,5
0,8
1,6
5,1
196
T1-04/B34-2
5,8
5,2
5,3
2,9
4,1
1,0
0,9
2,2
197
T1-04/B41-1
12,6
11,7
13,1
7,5
11,0
1,5
3,6
5,9
198
T1-04/B46-1
9,0
-
9,2
5,1
6,9
-
1,9
5,0
199
T1-04/B47
17,5
17,1
17,9
10,8
17,9
3,2
2,4
12,3
200
T1-04/V54
13,6
12,7
13,4
7,0
12,1
1,8
3,7
6,6
201
T1-04/B62
11,8
10,9
11,3
7,3
10,2
1,7
2,4
6,1
202
T1-04/B59
12,8
-
12,9
6,2
11,0
-
1,2
9,8
203
T1-04/V60
25,4
22,6
25,0
11,3
24,0
2,3
7,7
14,0
204
T1-04/B66
8,6
-
8,8
5,1
6,5
-
1,1
5,4
205
T1-04/B82
11,1
10,1
10,9
6,3
9,3
1,7
2,6
5,0
206
T1-06/V153
9,8
9,5
9,7
6,8
7,6
1,4
1,5
4,7
207
T1-06/V160
13,8
13,2
13,4
7,3
11,5
1,7
1,6
8,2
208
T1-06/V161-1
13,2
12,9
13,2
6,2
11,5
1,2
2,6
7,7
209
T1-06/V161-2
11,0
10,5
10,6
6,4
9,1
1,3
2,1
5,9
210
T1-06/V163
12,8
12,6
13,0
7,3
11,7
1,5
2,9
7,3
211
T1-06/V164
9,3
9,1
9,0
6,1
6,5
0,6
1,9
4,0
212
T1-06/V165
11,9
11,3
12,1
6,1
12,2
1,5
3,2
7,5
213
T1-07/V229
10,6
-
11,0
6,3
8,1
-
1,8
6,3
214
T1-07/B232
7,3
6,8
7,5
4,7
7,3
0,6
2,7
4,0
215
T1-07/B236
8,9
-
9,6
5,6
7,6
-
1,5
6,1
216
T1-07/B239
11,0
-
11,5
7,0
9,2
-
2,9
6,3
217
T1-07/V243-1
9,9
9,3
10,4
5,4
9,1
1,2
2,9
5,0
218
T1-12/V518
11,4
10,8
12,3
5,7
9,5
1,5
3,0
5,0
219
T1-09/V307
13,9
13,0
13,5
8,1
12,7
2,0
3,8
6,9
220
T1-09/B311
13,0
-
13,6
7,4
12,8
-
4,9
7,9
221
T1-09/V341
15,1
13,7
14,2
7,4
12,5
2,3
2,5
7,7
222
T1-04/B41-2
10,5
-
10,5
6,4
7,9
-
-
7,9
223
T1-04/B64
11,9
11,6
12,3
5,5
11,3
1,0
3,3
6,0
224
T1-07/V181
14,1
13,5
13,7
9,2
10,8
2,0
2,2
6,6
225
T1-07/B212
13,0
12,8
13,4
8,9
12,6
1,2
2,9
8,5
page 53
Continuation of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
226
T1-07/B213
8,8
-
9,2
5,6
6,2
-
1,4
4,8
227
T1-07/B220
12,5
-
12,5
8,0
10,8
-
-
10,8
228
T1-07/V225
14,0
12,8
13,5
7,3
14,3
2,2
4,8
6,7
229
T1-07/V227-2
14,4
13,6
14,7
8,5
12,5
2,3
2,5
7,7
230
T1-07/B237
16,7
15,4
17,7
8,5
15,8
1,9
4,1
9,8
231
T1-08/B260
9,4
-
9,9
7,1
8,4
-
3,0
5,4
232
T1-08/V267-1
9,6
8,9
9,3
5,4
8,4
1,9
2,1
4,4
233
T1-08/V267-2
9,5
9,1
10,0
5,1
9,3
0,7
2,7
5,9
234
T1-08/V267-3
6,0
-
6,2
3,9
5,3
-
2,1
3,2
235
T1-08/V272
9,9
-
10,5
5,3
9,4
-
2,7
6,7
236
T1-08/V277
10,2
10,0
10,4
6,0
8,5
0,8
1,2
6,5
237
T1-08/V278
11,5
11,3
11,7
6,7
9,7
1,1
2,1
6,4
238
T1-08/V289
11,5
10,2
11,0
6,4
11,1
2,4
1,4
7,3
239
T1-08/V292
8,9
-
8,9
6,3
7,2
-
-
7,2
240
T1-08/V293-2
11,3
-
11,3
6,3
9,6
-
-
9,6
241
T1-08/V293-1
8,7
-
10,0
5,6
7,6
-
2,8
4,6
242
T1-10/V397-1
6,4
-
7,3
4,2
5,7
-
1,3
4,4
243
T1-10/V397-2
4,8
-
5,7
3,1
4,6
-
0,7
3,9
244
T1-10/V404
12,5
11,8
14,8
6,8
12,6
1,8
5,2
5,6
245
T1-11/V435
18,8
18,3
19,2
6,9
19,0
1,2
4,0
13,8
246
T1-12/V512-1
11,3
11,0
12,2
6,4
8,8
0,5
3,5
4,8
247
T1-13/B519
8,0
-
9,0
5,8
6,3
-
2,3
2,9
248
T1-13/V520
11,6
-
11,6
7,3
8,0
-
-
8,0
249
T1-13/V521
12,6
-
12,6
7,8
10,3
-
-
10,3
250
T1-13/V525
12,3
-
12,8
7,7
11,3
-
4,4
8,2
251
T1-13/V529
11,9
11,2
11,8
6,7
11,0
1,3
3,5
6,2
252
T1-13/V532
10,5
-
10,8
6,2
9,0
-
3,0
6,0
253
T1-13/V533
15,0
13,2
13,8
7,0
11,3
1,9
3,1
6,3
254
T1-13/V536
8,0
-
8,0
4,6
6,9
-
-
6,0
255
T1-13/B544
8,0
7,0
8,2
3,8
7,0
1,0
2,2
3,8
256
T1-13/B546
10,2
-
10,6
5,3
8,0
-
2,7
5,3
257
T1-13/V547
11,0
-
11,0
7,4
7,6
-
-
7,6
258
T1-13/V548
10,2
-
11,2
6,3
10,0
-
3,7
6,3
259
T1-13/V549
14,1
13,0
14,9
7,0
11,5
1,7
2,9
6,9
260
T1-13/V550
12,6
-
12,6
7,0
9,4
-
-
9,0
261
T1-13/V552
11,2
10,2
11,9
5,8
11,9
2,1
3,3
6,5
262
T1-13/V553
8,8
8,3
8,8
4,8
7,7
1,2
1,8
4,7
263
T1-13/V557
16,5
-
17,0
7,7
12,0
-
5,1
6,9
264
T1-13/V559-6
13,5
-
13,8
8,0
10,6
-
4,3
6,3
265
T1-13/B559-M
8,0
-
8,0
5,1
4,2
-
-
4,2
266
T1-13/V562-2-6
9,6
-
9,7
6,1
6,2
-
2,2
4,0
267
T1-13/V562-2-M
4,4
-
4,6
2,6
3,5
-
1,5
2,0
page 54
End of Table 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
268
T1-13/V564
13,2
-
16,5
8,7
13,5
-
4,4
9,1
269
T1-13/V566
6,1
-
6,7
3,8
5,0
-
2,3
2,7
270
T1-13/V569
11,5
11,2
12,0
6,4
11,3
1,0
3,0
7,0
271
T1-13/V573-1
5,0
-
5,0
2,0
3,7
-
-
3,7
Notes: light font indicates the numbers of vessels with a neck, bold-without a neck; T1-13 / B573-1-Tartas monument-1 - year of excavation/burial number - number of the vessel in the burial; Dv - diameter of the corolla; Dg - diameter of the neck; Dt-maximum diameter of the body; Dd-diameter of the bottom; H - the height of the vessel; Ng - the height of the neck; Npl - the height of the shoulder of the vessel; Npr - the height of the bottom part.
Distribution of vessels by height indicator category (FA Table 2. = H:Dt)
Monument
Very low (up to 0.40)
Low (0.41 - 0.80)
Average (0.81 - 1.20)
High (1.21 - 1.60)
Very high (over 1.60)
Tartas-1
5, 13,19,21,24,29,33, 36,53,55,58,63,68, 90,99,101, 105, 106, 124, 126, 144, 146, 155, 159,160, 161, 178, 182, 186, 188, 189, 190, 192, 198,204,213,215,216, 218,222,226,241,242, 248, 256, 257, 260, 263, 264 - 267, 269, 271, 37, 47, 48, 52, 56, 57, 74, 76, 92,94,96, 103, 104, 109, 132, 139, 157, 180, 195, 196,206,211,224,246, 247, 259
1, 2, 7, 15, 23, 35, 38, 41, 42, 51, 61, 67, 69, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 110, 112, 119, 123, 125, 127, 135, 138, 141, 148, 151, 153, 166, 167, 172, 174, 176, 202, 220, 227, 231, 234, 235, 239, 240, 243, 249, 250, 252, 254, 258, 268, 3, 4, 6, 8 - 12, 14, 16 - 18, 20, 22, 25 - 28, 30 - 32, 34, 39, 40, 43 - 46, 49, 50, 59, 60, 62, 64 - 66, 70 - 73, 75, 78, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87 - 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 98, 100, 102, 107, 108, 111, 113 - 118, 120 - 122, 128, 130, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 140, 142, 143, 145, 147, 149, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 162 - 165, 168 - 171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 181, 183 - 185, 187, 191, 193, 194, 197, 199 - 201, 203, 205, 207 - 210, 212, 214, 217, 219, 221, 223, 225, 228 - 230, 232, 233, 236 - 238, 244, 245, 251, 253, 255, 261, 262, 270
Old Tartas-4
41, 50, 1, 4, 8, 15, 24,26
37 - 40,42 - 49, 51, 2, 3, 5 - 7, 9 - 14, 16 - 23,25,27 - 36
-
-
-
Note: in Tables 2-10, the numbers of vessels with a neck are indicated in light font, while the numbers of vessels without a neck are indicated in bold.
Table 3. Distribution of vessels by category of the height-neck indicator (FB = Ng : Dv)
Monument
Very low-throated (up to 0.50)
Low-throated (0.51-1.50)
Medium-throated (1.51-3.00)
Highland (3,01 - 5,00)
Very high-altitude (over 5.01)
Tartas-1
40,48, 139, 246
3, 4, 6, 8 - 12, 16, 18, 20, 26, 27, 30 - 32, 34, 39, 40, 43 - 47, 50, 52, 56, 59, 60, 62, 64 - 66, 71, 74, 76, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87 - 89, 91 - 100, 102 - 104, 108, 109, 111, 113, 114, 117, 118, 121, 131 - 134, 136, 137, 140, 142, 143, 147, 149, 150, 154, 156 - 158, 162 - 164, 168, 170, 171, 175, 179 - 181, 183, 184, 194, 195, 197, 200, 201, 203, 206 - 212, 214, 217, 219, 223 - 225, 230, 233, 236, 237, 244, 245, 251, 253, 255, 259, 262, 270
14, 17,22,25,28,37,49, 70,72,73,75,78, 107, 115, 116, 120, 122, 130, 145, 152, 165, 169, 173, 177, 185, 187, 191, 193, 196, 199,205,221,228, 229, 232, 238, 261
Old Tartas-4
-
1 - 4, 6 - 8, 10 - 16, 18 - 22, 24 - 28, 30 - 33, 35
5,9, 17,23,29,34,36
-
-
page 55
Distribution of vessels by category of the latitudinal-neck index (FV Table 4. = (Dv + Dg): 2Dt)
Monument
Very narrow-necked (up to 0.32)
Narrow-necked (0.33-0.50)
With an average neck width (0.51 - 0.65)
Broad-throated (0.66-1.00)
Very broad-throated (over 1.00)
Tartas-1
2, 5, 7, 13, 15, 19, 21, 23, 24, 29, 33, 35, 36, 38, 41, 42, 51, 53 - 55, 58, 61, 63, 67 - 69, 77, 80, 82, 84, 86, 90, 99, 101, 105, 106, 110 - 112, 119, 123 - 127, 135, 138, 141, 144, 146, 148, 151, 153, 155, 159 - 161, 166, 167, 172, 174, 176, 178, 182, 186, 188 - 190, 192, 198, 202, 204, 213, 215, 216, 218, 220, 222, 226, 231, 234, 235, 239 - 243, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 20, 22, 25 - 28, 30 - 32, 34, 37, 39, 40, 43 - 48, 52, 56, 57, 60, 62, 65, 70 - 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87 - 89, 91 - 96, 98, 100, 102 - 104, 107 - 109, 113 - 116, 120 - 122, 131 - 134, 137, 139, 140, 143, 145, 147, 149, 154, 157, 158, 162, 163, 170, 171, 179, 180, 184, 185, 191, 194, 195, 197, 199, 208, 210, 212, 214, 217, 223, 225, 229, 230, 233, 236, 237, 244 - 250, 252, 254 - 271
1,227,8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 49, 50, 59, 64, 66, 73, 75, 97, 117, 118, 128, 130, 136, 142, 150, 152, 156, 164, 165, 168, 169, 173, 175, 177, 181, 183, 187, 193, 196, 200, 201, 203, 205 - 207, 209, 211, 219, 221, 224, 228, 232, 238, 251, 253
Old Tartas-4
-
-
-
37 - 41, 43 - 45, 48, 49, 51, 1, 3, 4, 6 - 8, 10 - 16, 18, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 30, 33, 35,36
42, 47, 50, 2, 5, 9, 17, 20, 22, 25, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34
See Table 5. Distribution of vessels by category of the neck profiling index (FY = 5 (Dv-Dg): Ng)
Monument
With an inward slope (up to 0.00)
Weakly profiled (0.01 - 0.26)
Medium profiled area (0.27-0.57)
Highly profiled (0.58-1.00)
Very highly profiled (over 1.00)
Tartas-1
14, 16, 17,20, 32, 34, 37, 39, 47, 48, 52, 56, 62, 64, 65, 71, 72, 74 - 76, 78, 89, 91, 92, 95, 100, 103, 107, 109, 111, 115 - 117, 120 - 122, 130, 133, 134, 139, 140, 142, 143, 145, 147, 149, 152, 156 - 158, 162 - 165, 170, 173, 175, 180, 185, 187, 191, 193, 195, 199 - 201,206 - 212, 217, 219, 223 - 225, 229, 232, 236, 244, 245, 261, 262, 270
4,6,8, 11,25 - 28,31,40,45,46, 49,50,59,60,66,70,73,79,81, 85, 87, 93, 94, 96 - 98, 102, 104, 113, 114, 118, 131, 132, 136, 137, 150, 154, 168, 169, 177, 179, 181, 183, 184, 194, 196, 197,203,205,214,221,228, 230, 233, 238, 246, 251, 253, 255, 259
3,9, 10, 18, 43, 44, 83, 88, 108
12,30, 171
Old Tartas-4
-
1,5, 10, 12, 15, 17,23,24,30, 33,36
3,4,6 - 9,11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19 - 22, 25 - 29, 31, 32, 34,35
-
-
In the collection, 55 % of vessels have high shoulders (index FE; fig. 5; Table. 7), 33% - of medium height (fig. 5), 12 % - very high (see Fig. 4). According to the VF index, vessels of all categories are distinguished: with a very slightly convex shoulder-46 % (see Fig. 4), with weakly convex - 17 (see Fig. 3), medium-convex - 1 (see Fig. 3), strongly convex - 3 (see Fig. 4) and very strongly convex - 33 % (see Figure 3).
The bulk of vessels (89 %) from the collection of the Tartas-1 monument has a wide bottom (index FI; see Fig. 3), products with an average bottom width (6 %; see Figures 2, 3) and very wide bottoms (5 %; see Table 9) are marked.
Thus, the vessel of the Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) culture of the Tartas-1 monument, which is to a certain extent "barbarized" due to integration with the local Late Krotovo (Chernoozersk) ceramic tradition, had the following appearance: medium height, wide-bottomed, with a low and wide neck, with a weakly profiled neck,
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(FD Distribution of vessels by category of the Tulov height indicator Table 6. = (Nil + Npr): Dt)
Monument
Strongly flattened (up to 0.50)
Flattened (0.51-0.85)
Rounded (0.86 - 1.15)
Elongated (1.16 - 1.50)
Highly elongated (over 1.50)
Tartas-1
103
5, 13, 19, 21, 23, 24, 29, 33, 36,41, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 61, 63, 67, 68, 69, 80, 84, 90, 99, 101, 105,106, 112, 124, 126, 135, 144, 146, 155, 159, 160, 161, 172, 174, 176,178, 182, 186, 188, 189, 190, 192, 198, 202, 204, 213, 215, 216, 218, 222, 226, 231, 234, 239 - 243, 246 - 249, 252, 254, 256, 257, 260, 263 - 269, 271, 4, 6, 8 - 12, 14, 16 - 18, 20, 22, 25 - 27, 30 - 32, 34, 37, 39, 40, 44 - 50, 52, 56, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 70 - 74, 76, 78, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87 - 89, 91 - 98, 100, 104, 107 - 109, 111, 113 - 116, 118, 120, 122, 130 - 134, 136, 137, 139, 140, 143, 145, 149, 152, 154, 156 - 158, 163 - 165, 168, 169, 173, 175, 177, 179 - 181,183 - 185, 187, 191, 193 - 197, 199 - 201, 205 - 211, 217, 219, 221, 223 - 225, 228 - 230, 232, 236 - 238, 244, 251, 253, 255, 259, 261, 262, 270
1,2,7,15,35,38, 42, 77, 82, 86, 119,123,125, 127, 138, 141, 148, 151, 153, 166, 167, 220, 227, 235, 250, 258, 3, 28, 43, 75, 102, 110, 117, 121, 128, 142, 145, 147, 150, 170, 171,203, 212,214,233, 245
Old Tartas-4
-
38, 41, 42, 44, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51, 1 - 36
37,39,40,43, 45,48
-
-
Table 7. Distribution of vessels by categories of shoulder height indicator (FE = Npl : Npr)
Monument
Very low (over 2.00)
Low (1.01-2.00)
Average (0.50-1.00)
High (0.26 - 0.50)
Very high (up to 0.26)
Tartas-1
5,7,15, 19,21,53,58,63,68, 77,86,99,105, 127, 151, 155, 159, 188,220,231,234,241, 247, 250, 252, 256, 258, 263, 264,266,267,269,3,4, 14, 18,20,27,30,43,45,48,50, 56, 60, 64 - 66, 76, 81, 85, 88, 89,91,98, 100, 102, 103, 110, 118, 120, 121, 129, 130, 132, 149, 158, 162, 171, 179, 183 - 185, 194, 197,200,203,205, 214,217,219,223,228,244, 246, 251, 255, 261
1, 2, 13, 23, 24, 33, 42, 54, 55, 61, 84, 90, 101, 119, 124, 126, 138, 141, 144, 148, 153, 161, 172, 176, 182, 198, 213, 216, 226, 235, 242, 268, 6, 8 - 17, 21, 22, 26, 28, 31, 32, 34, 37, 39, 40, 46, 47, 49, 52, 57, 59, 62, 70 - 75, 78, 79, 83, 87, 92, 94 - 97, 104, 107 - 109, 111, 113 - 117, 122, 128, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 142, 143, 145, 150, 152, 154, 156, 157, 163 - 165, 168 - 170, 175, 177, 180, 181, 187, 191, 193, 195, 196, 201, 206, 208, 209 - 212, 221, 224, 225, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237, 245, 253, 259, 262, 270
29,36,41,51, 67,69,80,82, 106, 112,125, 146, 160, 186, 189, 190, 192, 202, 204, 215, 218, 243, 44, 93, 139, 140, 147, 173, 199, 207, 236, 238
Old Tartas-4
-
-
41,43 - 51, 1,3,6,7, 13, 15, 16, 18,21,24,25,27,34,35
37, 39, 40, 49, 2, 4, 5, 8 - 12, 14, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30 - 33, 36
38,42
Fig. 6. Vessels without necks of the low category. Old Tartas-4.
page 57
Table 8. Distribution of vessels by categories of shoulder bulge index (FJ = (Dt - Dg): 2Npl)
Monument
Very slightly convex (up to 0.25)
Slightly convex (0.26-0.57)
Medium-convex (0.58-1.00)
Strongly convex (1.01-1.50)
Very strongly convex (more than 1.50)
Tartas-1
4,6,8, 11, 14, 16 - 18,20,25, 27,28,31,32,39,43,45,48, 50, 52, 56, 59, 60, 62, 64 - 66, 71 - 75,78,81,85, 100, 102, 107, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 130, 132, 133, 136, 140, 142, 147, 149, 150, 152, 154, 156 - 158, 162 - 165, 168 - 170, 173, 175, 177, 180, 181, 183 - 185, 187, 191, 193 - 197, 199 - 201, 203,205 - 212,214,217,219, 221, 223 - 225, 228, 229, 232, 233, 236, 237, 245, 246, 251, 253, 262, 270
3,9, 10,22,26,30,34, 37, 40, 44, 46, 47, 49, 70, 79, 83, 87, 88, 89, 91 - 98, 103, 104, 108, 109, 111, 113, 114, 122, 131, 134, 137, 143, 179,230,238, 244, 255, 259, 261
12, 116, 139
15,23,38,86, 220, 234, 269,171
1,2,5,7, 13,19,21,24, 29,33,35,36,41,42,51, 53 - 55, 58, 61, 63, 67 - 69, 77, 80, 82, 84, 90, 99, 101,105,106, 110, 112, 119, 124 - 127, 138, 141, 144, 146, 148, 151, 153, 155, 159 - 161, 172, 176, 182, 186, 188 - 190, 192, 198,202,204,213,215, 216,218,226,231,235, 241,242,243,247,250, 252, 256, 258, 263, 264, 266 - 268
Old Tartas-4
3
1, 2, 4 - 36
-
41,43,45,47, 48,50,51
37 - 40, 42, 44, 46, 49
Table 9. Distribution of vessels by category of the bottom width indicator (PHI = (Dt - Dd): 2Npr)
Monument
Very narrow-range (more than 1.50)
Narrow - range (1.01-1.50)
Mid-week (0.57-1.00)
Wide - range (0.25-0.56)
Very wide-range (up to 0.25)
Tartas-1
19, 99, 263, 56, 76, 81, 94, 103, 109, 129, 132, 157, 223, 246, 244, 255, 259
2, 5, 7, 13, 15, 21, 23, 24, 29, 33, 35, 36, 38, 41, 42, 51, 53- 55, 58, 61, 63, 67 - 69, 80, 82, 84, 86, 90, 101, 105, 106, 110, 119, 124 - 127, 141, 144, 146, 148, 151, 155, 159 - 161, 166, 172, 174, 176, 178, 182, 186, 188, 189, 190, 192, 198, 202, 213, 215, 216, 218, 220, 222, 226, 231, 234, 235, 240 - 243, 247, 248, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 264- 269, 271
1, 77, 112, 123, 135, 138, 153, 167,227,239, 249, 257, 75
3, 4, 6, 8 - 12, 14, 16 - 18, 20, 22, 25 - 28, 30 - 32, 34, 37, 39, 40, 43 - 50, 52, 57, 59, 60, 62, 64 - 66, 70 - 74, 78, 79, 83, 85, 87 - 93, 95 - 98, 100, 102, 104, 107, 108, 111, 113 - 118, 120 - 122, 128, 130, 131, 133, 134, 136, 137, 139, 140, 142, 143, 145, 147, 149, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 162 - 165, 168 - 171, 173, 175, 177, 179 - 181,183 - 185, 187, 191, 193 - 197, 199 - 201, 203 - 212, 214, 217, 219, 221, 224, 225, 228 - 230, 232, 233, 236 - 238, 245, 251, 253, 261, 262, 270
Old Tartas-4
-
-
51, 1,3,4,8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24, 26, 30
37 - 50, 2,5 - 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19 - 23, 25, 27 - 29, 31 - 36
-
flattened torso and high shoulder. Vessels with a neck are characterized by very slightly convex shoulders, and vessels without a neck, on the contrary, are very strongly convex.
The comparison revealed the similarity of the collections of monuments Tartas-1 and Old Tartas-4 (see Tables 2-9). The indexes of the ceramic forms of the Tartas-1 and Old Tartas-4 monuments largely coincide [Ivanova, 2013]. Both complexes consist of vessels with a neck and without a neck, wide-bottomed, with a low and wide neck, with a weakly profiled neck, a flattened body and a high shoulder.
The main difference between vessels from the Tartas-1 and Old Tartas-4 necropolises is the greater variety of shape markers within the categories. The latter indicates that the vessels of the Old Tartas-4 monument are much larger in shape, as well as in ornamentation, than the vessels of the Old Tartas-4 monument.
page 58
ceramics of Tartas-1, tend to the classical Andronovo (Fedorovsky) samples, which they are. Apparently, they are (Figs. 6-8). This may be due to the self-development of pottery or a mixture of different pottery traditions. Taking into account the elements of burial practice at the Tartas-1 monument, which reflect the integration of autochthonous (Late Krotov) and alien Andronovo (Fedorov) complexes (Molodin, 2011), the latter version seems more preferable.
A graphical comparison of the basic proportions of vessels (Figures 9-14) also confirmed the information obtained in the analysis of shape indexes. The graphs provide a visual representation of the identified uniformity of the ceramic collection and at the same time record the original features characteristic of the ceramics of burial grounds.
Correlation of the height and diameter of the body allows us to draw a conclusion about the height of the dishes. Most vessels are classified as medium-sized according to the height indicator.,
Fig. 7. Vessels with a low neck. Old Tartas-4.
page 59
Figure 8. Vessels with a low neck. Old Tartas-4.
9. Correlation between the height (H) and the maximum diameter of the trunk (Dt) of blood vessels. In Fig. 9-14 of the standard obozn. for the Tartas-1 monument, they are highlighted in black, and for the Old Tartas-4 monument, they are highlighted in red. 1 - vessels without a neck; 2 - vessels with a neck.
10. Correlation of the neck diameter (Dg) and the corolla diameter (Dv) of vessels.
in other words, the dimensions of the height and diameter have similar values (see Figure 9). There are only 8 copies in the collection of the Tartas-1 monument. (3 %) the height is greater than the diameter, i.e. the vessels are elongated vertically (see Figs. 5, 43); in 67 specimens, the total length is less than the diameter. (27 %) values of body height and diameter differ by less than 1 cm, including 14 specimens. - less than 2 mm. Accordingly, most of the collection consists of vessels with a predominant body diameter (elongated horizontally, squat); the maximum value of the superiority of this indicator over the height reaches 5.7 cm.
For vessels with a neck, the ratio of the neck diameter and the diameter of the corolla is important, which gives an idea of the degree of profiling and the width of the neck. In this collection, the difference between these values is 0.2-4 cm, in 104 specimens (65 %) of 158 vessels with necks it is less than 1 cm. Products with neck and corolla diameters in the ratio of 1:1, 9:10 and 4:5 dominate, which confirms the revealed wide-mouthedness of the products (see Fig. 10). Similarly, the neck diameter corresponds to the trunk diameter: in 44 % of cases (71 specimens), the difference between them is less than 1 cm, and the maximum difference is 4.4 cm (see Figure 11). The diameter of the bottom in 32% of cases (79 specimens) refers to the diameter of the corolla as 1: 2.-
page 60
11. Correlation between the neck diameter (Dg) and the maximum trunk diameter (Dt) of vessels.
12. Correlation between the diameter of the bottom (Dd) and the diameter of the corolla (Dv) of vessels.
13. Correlation between the diameter of the corolla (Dv) and the maximum diameter of the trunk (Dt) of blood vessels.
14. Correlation of the bottom part height (Prl) and the total height (H) of vessels.
It has a ratio of 2: 3 and 3: 5, which confirms the thesis of wide-bottomed vessels under consideration (see Fig. 12). The ratio of the corolla diameter to the body diameter of 92 % (227 specimens) is close to the ratio of 1:1, with a slight bias in favor of the body diameter (see Figure 13). The height of the bottom part is equal to the height of the vessel, if the vessel is open, in other cases, the ratio of 3:5 and 2:3 is common (see Figure 14). The graphs show that the vessels of the Tartas-1 and Old Tartas-4 monuments are similar in basic proportions, as well as differences: vessels above 25 cm have not yet been recorded on Tartas-1. Vessels of the Stary Tartas-4 monument, among which products of medium height dominate, are larger and higher than dishes of the Tartas-1 monument (see Fig. 9). Accordingly, other indicators of vessels of the Stary Tartas-4 monument are quite clearly distinguished on the graphs (see Fig. 10 - 14).
Method X. Based on the analysis of the "skeletons" of vessels, we used a slightly modified version of Nordstrom's model [1972] to determine the direction of changes in the shape of products and create a graphic image of the "ideal" vessel for the monuments under consideration. According to the conditions of the method, the vessel profiles are reduced to the same height using the coefficient k while maintaining proportions (see Figure 7). The semi-profiles combined on the graph make it possible to conclude that the vessels, although they differed in size, were generally made of a strictly defined shape. By drawing semi-profiles
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15. Differences between vessel profiles. 1-with a neck, Tartas-1; 2-without a neck, Tartas-1; 3 - with a neck, Old Tartas-4; 4-without a neck, Old Tartas-4.
it can be seen that, despite deviations to the left and right (vessels are narrower or wider, respectively), the shape of the "reference" vessel is revealed in the center of the graph.
In the collection of the Tartas-1 burial ground, vessels with necks have basically the same proportions, with the exception of one elongated vessel and two small items wider than the "reference" one (Fig. 15, 1). Among the vessels without necks, four samples are distinguished (Fig. 15, 2). Vessels N 9 and 226 they differ in small size, greater "bloat", the vessel N 38, on the contrary, is high, elongated, compared to the main mass of vessels without a neck. The small vessel N 265 is very different in shape: it has straight walls that adjoin the bottom at an obtuse angle. When comparing the profiles of both monuments, it is noticeable that the vessels of Tartas-1 differ in a wide variety of shapes (Figs. 15, 3, 4).
Conclusions
The study of vascular morphology using the statistical processing program by V. F. Gening made it possible to obtain the characteristics of the Andronovo (Fedorovsky) ceramic complex of the advanced Bronze Age period of the Tartas-1 monument and compare them with the previously obtained results of the analysis of classical Andronovo (Fedorovsky) ceramics of Old Tartas-4 (Table 10). The comparison confirmed the high level of standardization of vessel shapes related to funerary complexes. Even the vessels from the Late Krotovo (Chernoozersk) type burials of the Tartas-1 burial ground do not go beyond the shape indexes common to Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) ceramics (see Figs. 3, 188). The studied monuments do not differ in the set of types of ceramics. The great variability of vessels from the burials of the Tartas-1 burial ground is obvious. It is necessary, of course, to take into account the unequal number of vessels in the collections of the two monuments being compared. Based on the data obtained from the analysis of a representative sample, the following trends can be identified:: 1) the vessels of the Tartas-1 monument are more elongated vertically than the products from the Old Tartas-4; 2) despite this, the average size of the vessels from the Old Tartas-4 collection exceeds the size of the vessels from the Tartas-1 collection; 3) the ceramics of the Old Tartas-4 burial ground can be attributed to the classical Andronovskaya (Fedorovskaya), then as a monument complex Tartas-1-k "varvarizirovannoy".
Vessels from both monuments were also studied using the method of distinguishing classes of forms by the general proportionality of A. A. Bobrinsky (Tsetlin, 2012, pp. 160-164). The method is based on the statement that every professional potter has a rigid stereotype of reproducing exactly the shape of the vessel that he is used to making, therefore, the production of a new shape is a process of making changes to the traditional system of distribution of physical effort. As a result, first of all, the skills of reproducing the overall proportionality of blood vessels are subject to changes. This term refers to the ratio between the area of the flat image of the vessel and its volume, calculated from the external contour [Ibid.]. According to the general proportionality, all vessels are divided into five categories: low, medium-low, medium, medium-high and high forms. On the graph, the points of vessels belonging to" habitual "forms that characterize cultural traditions lie in the zones corresponding to low, medium and high products, and" imitation vessels " -in the zones of medium - high and medium-low ones [Ibid., p.162, Fig. 70].
Taking into account the above, the graphs of the overall proportionality of shapes were constructed separately for the vessels of each monument under study (Fig. 16) and for clarity combined into one (Fig. 17). On the graph, the points of the bulk of the vessels of two monuments are located in the range of values of average dimensions. This means that the products are "familiar". Quite a lot of vessels of both collections belong to the group of medium-high and medium-low
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Table 10. Parameters of vessels of the monument Stary Tartas-4, cm
N of the vessel
A source
Dv
Dg
Dt
Dd
N
Ng
Npls
Npr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1
Molodin, Novikov, and Zhemerikin, 2002, fig. 56, 1
27,5
26,0
27,5
13,0
21,0
3,0
6,5
11,5
2
56, 2
19,5
18,0
18,5
9,5
16,0
2,0
4,0
10,0
3
56, 3
20,0
18,0
22,0
11,0
17,5
2,5
6,0
10,0
4
56, 4
25,0
24,0
26,0
11,5
20,0
3,0
5,0
12,0
5
56, 5
23,0
21,5
22,5
9,0
21,0
3,0
5,5
12,5
6
56, 9
22,0
20,0
22
10,0
20,0
3,0
6,0
11,0
7
56, 12
32,0
30,0
33,5
15,0
32,0
3,5
9,0
19,5
8
56, 14
12,5
12,0
13,0
5,5
10,5
1,5
2,0
7,0
9
56, 15
14,5
13,5
14,5
8,0
13,5
2,0
3,5
8,0
10
Ibid., fig. 57, 1
35,0
32,5
36,0
15,0
30,0
3,5
7,0
19,5
11
Ibid., fig. 57, 2
32,5
30,5
34,0
14,5
30,5
4,0
7,5
19,0
12
Ibid., fig. 57, 5
15,5
15,0
16,5
6,0
13,5
2,0
4,0
7,5
13
Ibid., figs. 57, 6
16,0
15,0
17,0
9,5
14,0
2,0
4,5
7,5
14
Ibid., figs. 57, 9
26,0
24,0
27,0
13,5
24,5
3,5
7,5
13,5
15
Ibid., figs. 57, 11
26,5
25,0
27,0
13,0
21,0
3,0
6,5
11,5
16
Ibid., fig. 57,12
22,0
20,5
22,0
11,0
19,0
3,0
5,0
11,0
17
Ibid., fig. 57,13
28,0
26,0
27,5
12,5
24,0
2,5
7,5
14,0
18
Ibid., fig. 57,14
25,0
23,0
25,5
14,0
21,5
3,0
6,5
12,0
19
Ibid., fig. 57,15
30,0
28,0
31,0
13,0
28,5
4,0
7,0
17,5
20
Ibid., fig. 58, 1
35,0
31,0
34,5
15,5
31,5
4,5
7,5
19,5
21
Ibid., fig. 58, 2
30,0
27,0
30,5
15,5
27,5
4,5
7,5
15,5
22
Ibid., figs. 58, 4
18,0
16,5
17,5
9,0
14,5
2,0
4,5
8,0
23
Ibid., figs. 58, 5
22,0
20,5
22,5
11,5
21,0
3,0
5,0
13,0
24
Ibid., figs. 58, 8
22,0
20,0
21,5
10,5
16,5
2,5
5,5
13,5
25
Ibid., figs. 58, 9
23,5
21,0
23,0
10,5
22,5
3,5
6,0
13,0
26
Ibid., fig. 58.11
16,5
16,0
17,5
8,0
14,0
2,0
4,0
8,0
27
Ibid., figs. 58, 12
17,0
16,0
17,5
8,0
16,0
1,5
5,5
9,0
28
Ibid., figs. 58, 13
19,0
16,5
18,0
10,0
17,0
2,5
4,0
10,5
29
Ibid., figs. 58, 14
21,0
19,0
21,0
10,5
19,0
4,0
4,5
10,5
30
Ibid., figs. 58, 15
20,0
19,0
21,0
8,5
17,0
2,0
7,0
8,0
31
Ibid., fig. 59, 3
31,0
28,5
30,5
15,5
26,5
3,5
6,5
16,5
32
59, 4
36,0
33,5
35,0
18,5
31,0
4,0
8,5
18,5
33
59, 5
27,5
26,0
29,5
15,0
25,0
3,5
7,0
14,5
34
59, 6
27,5
25,0
27,0
12,5
24,0
3,5
6,5
14,0
35
59, 7
25,5
23,5
26,5
14,5
25,0
3,5
7,5
14,0
36
Ibid., figs. 58, 10
29,0
28,0
30,5
15,0
31,0
4,0
6,5
20,0
37
56, 6
17,5
-
18,0
10,5
17,0
-
6,0
11,0
38
56, 8
14,5
-
15,0
5,5
13,0
-
3,0
10,0
39
56, 10
23,0
-
-
11,5
23,0
-
-
-
40
56, 11
23,0
-
23,5
11,0
22,5
-
6,0
16,5
41
56, 16
14,5
-
16,5
8,5
13,0
-
5,0
8,0
42
Ibid., fig. 57, 3
17,0
-
-
11,0
11,0
-
-
-
page 63
End of Table 10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
43
Ibid., fig. 57, 4
20,0
-
22,0
14,0
19,5
-
9,5
10,0
44
Ibid., figs. 57, 7
13,5
-
14,0
8,5
12,5
-
4,0
8,5
45
Ibid., figs. 57, 8
11,0
-
12,0
7,5
11,0
-
3,5
7,5
46
Ibid., figs. 58, 6
12,0
-
-
7,5
9,5
-
-
-
47
Ibid., figs. 58, 7
15,0
14,5
15,0
8,5
12,5
1,5
6,0
7,5
48
Ibid., figs. 58, 16
20,0
-
21,5
11,0
16,0
-
6,0
10,0
49
Ibid., figs. 58, 17
18,0
-
-
11,5
15,0
-
-
-
50
Ibid., fig. 59, 1
20,5
-
21,0
12,0
16,0
-
7,0
9,0
51
59, 2
23,5
23,0
24,5
10,5
20,5
3,0
6,0
11,5
16. General proportionality of vessel shapes. 1 - Tartas-1; 2-Old Tartas-4.
17. Summary graph of the overall proportionality of vessel shapes. 1-with a neck, Tartas-1; 2-without a neck, Tartas-1; 3 - with a neck, Old Tartas-4; 4-without a neck, Old Tartas-4.
page 64
products. 5, 102); visually, vessels of this category may differ not only in their ornamentation, but also in their proportions (for example, a noticeably narrower bottom).
Analyzing these graphs, we note that in the collections of both monuments there are "imitation products", i.e. the process of mixing pottery traditions is noted on both monuments. It should also be emphasized that, obviously, great variability is inherent in products without a neck: the graph clearly shows their great disproportionality, expressed in the dispersion of points on the graph. Thus, another important conclusion suggests itself: the carriers of the Andronovo (Fedorovskaya) culture, who fell into a different ethno-cultural environment, while preserving their own traditions both in ceramic production and in funerary practice, still experienced the influence of the autochthonous culture. This led to the formation of syncretic traditions after some time, which are recorded on the materials of the Tartas-1 burial ground. It should be borne in mind that under the influence of a huge number of subjective and objective factors, this process in different zones of even one territory could proceed differently, of course, if there is a common dominant for the era.
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